Clinical utility of self-reported oral health measures for predicting periodontitis among adult Filipinos with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies

Background@#The likelihood of periodontitis among type 2 diabetes is thrice the non-diabetic population and progresses rapidly when uncontrolled. An inexpensive and easy way of dental assessment via self-reported oral health questionnaire has great potential as a screening tool.@*Objective@#This study aims to validate self-reported oral health measures, socio-demographic and medical variables in predicting the severity of periodontitis in Filipino adults with type 2 diabetes. @*Methodology@#The validated self-reported oral health questionnaires created by the CDC Periodontal Disease Surveillance Project was translated into Filipino and used. A cross-sectional study of 180 participants was conducted in a single institution. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine significant predictors of serious periodontitis. @*Results@#Male sex [OR=2.17], low educational status [OR=2.98], poor glycemic control [OR=2.58], less frequent dental visits [OR=2.77] and teeth loss >6 [OR=5.02] were considered to be predictive of serious periodontitis. Self reported oral health variables like gum disease –Q1 [OR=8.33], state of gum health –Q2 [OR=0.39], loose teeth –Q3 [OR=63.0], brushing of teeth –Q4 [OR=0.65], use of mouthwash –Q4 [OR=0.69] and poor tooth appearance –Q5 [OR=48.42] were also shown to be significantly predictive of serious periodontitis. A recommended set of questions and proposed scoring system based on the logistic regression analysis of each predictor’s strength was then formulated. @*Conclusion@#The use of specific self-reported oral health questions, certain socio-demographic and medical variables appeared to be highly predictive of serious periodontitis among Filipinos with type 2 diabetes. This provides a cost-effective and rapid method of screening patients who are in need of immediate dental evaluation.

Validation of the oral health screening questionnaire in predicting serious periodontitis among adult Filipinos with type 2 diabetes mellitus / Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Periodontitis affects more than half of patients with diabetes. In resource poor areas in the Philippines, access to routine dental visits may be difficult and thus, a selective approach might be needed to identify those who need dental evaluation and management. An easy-to-administer oral health self-report questionnaire was developed in order to predict serious (moderate to severe) periodontitis.<br /><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> The study aims to determine the validity of the Oral Health Screening Questionnaire for Persons with Diabetes (OHSQPD) in estimating the prevalence of serious periodontitis.<br /><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> A cross-sectional criterion-referenced study of 175 participants with T2DM were included in the study. They were asked to answer the questionnaire and then made to undergo a full dental examination to identify the presence and severity of periodontitis. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by determining the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC) with the dental examination as the gold standard.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Using the questionnaire, the prevalence of serious periodontitis was 61% (106) based on an optimal cut-off score of ?12. At this score, the questionnaire yielded a sensitivity of 80.4% and a specificity of 70.6%, with an AUROC of 0.83.<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> The OHSQPD is a valid tool in detecting serious periodontitis</p>